Full association summary statistics were downloaded from several publicly available resources (Supplementary Table 13). PGSs are most predictive when individuals in the original GWAS are from similar ancestry as individuals for whom the PGS is calculated. Because most of the individuals in our meta-analyses were from European ancestry, we investigated the information presented on the web sites or abstracts of corresponding publications and omitted GWASs performed exclusively in non-European cohorts. Filters applied to the separate data sources are indicated in the Supplementary Note. All the dbSNP rs numbers and directions of effects were standardized to match GIANT 1000G p1v3 identifiers and minor alleles. SNPs with opposite alleles compared to GIANT alleles were flipped. SNPs with A/T and C/G alleles, tri-allelic SNPs, indels, SNPs with unknown or different alleles to GIANT 1000G p1v3 were removed from the analysis. Genomic control was applied to all the P-values for the datasets not genotyped by Immunochip or Metabochip. Additionally, genomic control was skipped for one dataset that did not have full associations available75 and for all the datasets from the GIANT consortium because genomic
