To maximally utilize the phenotypic information from the Framingham Heart Study data, we searched clinical records regarding smoking status of each subject from 1948 to 1988 for the original cohort, and from 1971 to 1989 for the offspring cohort. It appears that data from 1970 for the original cohort and from 1971 for the offspring cohort were more complete and contained significantly more smokers relative to other time points (i.e., exams) for both cohorts. As shown in Table 1, 1228 smokers were included in the study, with an average daily smoking rate of 23.51 and 17.95 cigarettes for men and women, respectively. The average age of smokers included in this study was 38.7 ± 13.4 for male and 39.73 ± 13.8 for female subjects.
