Participants press the “d” and “k” keys on the computer keyboard to indicate whether they are placing the stimuli into the right or left category. Stimuli for each block were randomized, with the restriction that they alternate between targets (beverage pictures) and attributes (motivation words). Pairings were counterbalanced: half of the participants were exposed first to Pairing A (e.g., alcohol + cope & water + ignore); half of the participants were exposed first to Pairing B (e.g., alcohol + ignore & water + cope). IATs were composed of seven blocks: three of which are practice blocks and four of which are test blocks and are used to calculate the IAT score. For brevity, IAT blocks are not described in detail here; interested readers are referred to Lindgren et al., 2009 for a detailed description of IAT block sequence and procedures. IATs were created using Inquisit 3.0.3.1 software (2008) using Greenwald’s (2006) procedures. IATs scores were calculated using the D score algorithm (Greenwald, Nosek, & Banaji, 2003) by subtracting the average latencies of Pairing A from Pairing B and then dividing
