IATs were created using Inquisit 3.0.3.1 software (2008) using Greenwald’s (2006) procedures. IATs scores were calculated using the D score algorithm (Greenwald, Nosek, & Banaji, 2003) by subtracting the average latencies of Pairing A from Pairing B and then dividing by the standard deviation of the latencies for both pairings for each participant. Positive D scores indicate a stronger/faster association between alcohol and the drinking motive; negative D scores indicate the opposite.