Chunk #12 — RESULTS

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Anxiety sensitivity and negative urgency: a pathway to negative reinforcement-related smoking expectancies.

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On average, participants displayed a moderate level of nicotine dependence on the FTND (M = 5.3, SD = 1.9) and reported that they had been regularly smoking for 24.7 years (SD = 12.2). Cronbach’s alphas, means, and standard deviations for and Pearson correlation coefficients between measures are displayed in Table 1.