Social deprivation and the number of years in education were negatively associated with polygenic risk for alcohol dependence in GS:SFHS. Individuals living in more socially deprived regions (SAGE: β = −0.044, P = 0.00005 & Yale‐Penn: β = −0.046, P = 0.00003) and who had spent fewer years in education (SAGE: β = −0.043, P = 0.00006; Yale‐Penn: β = −0.022, P = 0.04) had a significantly higher polygenic risk for alcohol dependence even after covariate adjustment (Table 1). As Mill Hill Vocabulary test performance is correlated with social deprivation and education (r = 0.24, P =< 2.2 × 10−16) (Supporting Information Table S2), the association between alcohol dependence polygenic risk and deprivation was also tested in GS:SFHS after controlling for Mill Hill Vocabulary. The negative association between polygenic risk and SIMD has a similar effect size after controlling for Mill Hill Vocabulary (SAGE: P = 0.000007, β = −0.047; Yale‐Penn: P = 0.0002, β = −0.039). However, education was not significantly associated with polygenic risk, and the effect sizes were markedly reduced, after the same adjustment (SAGE: P =
