Parent-child relationship was employed as proxy of early life interactions between caregiver and offspring; however, the psychometric property of these items is debatable. The attachment construct comprises, among others, bonding typology, parents’ responsiveness, and parenting style, which were not considered herein. Moreover, the present data are a representation of the parent-child relationship only from the offspring’s perspective. On the other hand, parental deprivation can only be assessed in samples of orphans, though institutional care can be seen as a form of parenting. Almost all individuals spent their first 18 years living with their biological parents, thus strengthening the homogeneity of the present sample and not allowing to investigate the effect of institutional care. Several unconventional typologies of rearing and caregiving are nowadays common (e.g., single-parent family, adoptive parents, homosexual parents, parents from patchwork families, parents via surrogacy), a factor related to attachment that should be investigated in future studies. Additionally, over the time, the parent-child relationship develops from sensitiveness to visual, tactile and auditory cues, to reciprocity and mutuality, into behavior guidance, parental regard, and independence. The present measure presumably
