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Chunk #16 — RESULTS

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Clinical, environmental, and genetic risk factors for substance use disorders: characterizing combined effects across multiple cohorts.
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Table 3 presents the results from the PGS only, CERI only, and combined models for each outcome. Three of the six PGS were associated with the SUD outcomes in the PGS only model. EXT was associated with each of the SUD outcomes (EXT OR = 1.18–1.50); ALCP was associated with alcohol dependence and any substance dependence (ALCP OR = 1.10–1.13); and CPD was associated with nicotine dependence (CPD OR = 1.33). In the CERI only models, the CERI was consistently associated across each of the SUD categories (ORs = 1.37–1.67). When we combined the PGS and CERI into the same model, the CERI remained significant across SUDs and was largely unchanged (ORs = 1.35–1.65). EXT remained associated with drug dependence (OR = 1.11) and nicotine dependence (OR = 1.33), ALCP remained associated alcohol dependence (OR = 1.12), and CPD remained associated with nicotine dependence (OR = 1.31). Both EXT and ALCP remained associated with any substance dependence diagnosis (ORs = 1.09–1.18). Overall, the combined model explained 5.9%, 12.6%, 13.1%, and 12.8% of the variance in alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence, drug dependence, and any substance dependence, respectively.