The association between rs555018 and nicotine dependence in AAs is intriguing because this SNP is one of a group of highly correlated SNPs that are associated with CHRNA5 mRNA levels in EAs [33, 34]. However, in EAs, rs555018 and correlates such as rs588765 are not associated with nicotine dependence. To further investigate these differing results at these potentially functional SNPs, we carried out multilocus analyses to account for the established effects of rs16969968.