Over the past three years, many highly significant GWAS findings have been reported for non-psychiatric disorders. Table 4 summarizes a systematic listing of GWAS findingshttp://www.genome.gov/GWAstudies/ (accessed November 15, 2008) provided by the National Institute for Human Genome Research, restricted to findings with p-values less than 5 × 10-8 (42-44). This choice of threshold, and alternatives to it, are discussed in the Table 4 legend. There are 200 distinct findings listed for 59 disorders or traits. Some may be false positives due to chance (every p-value is an estimate of the probability of a false positive result) or to technical problems such as genotyping or analytic errors. But many of these findings have already been replicated in independent samples, and most robust p-values do replicate. These results far exceed all previous robust associations for complex disorders. This confirms that common SNPs explain part of the genetic risk for these disorders, as predicted by the CDCV hypothesis. There are almost certainly also many common SNPs with smaller effects on risk, as well as rare and very rare SNPs and CNVs with diverse effect sizes.
