Survival analysis revealed that offspring substance use disorder outcome was influenced by prenatal alcohol exposure after controlling for SES, gender, prenatal cigarette exposure, and prenatal exposure to other drugs (Wald=10.12, p=0.001) (Table 3a). Prenatal alcohol exposure influenced both alcohol use disorders (Wald=14.64, p<.001) and drug use disorders (Wald=8.24, p=.004). Offspring cigarette use by young adulthood was also influenced by prenatal exposure to alcohol after controlling for SES, gender, prenatal cigarette exposure and other drugs (Wald=4.74, p=0.029) (Table 4a). Alcohol-exposed offspring had higher rates and earlier ages of cigarette use and SUD (Figures 3–4). No covariates were significantly associated with offspring substance use outcomes. To determine the appropriateness of including offspring of mothers who had previously met criteria for SUD, analyses were repeated excluding the offspring of three low-risk mothers. This analysis showed that inclusion or exclusion of these three mothers did not alter the results obtained for offspring outcomes.
