Third, on a related issue, we did not measure how intoxicated students were when caught, or how aversely or seriously students perceived the incident that they were mandated for. More detailed information regarding the nature and subjective evaluation of the incident would facilitate better understanding of the efficacy of PFIs among mandated students. Fourth, the sample consisted of primarily white and Asian American students and the findings may not generalize to other ethnic/racial groups. In addition, the findings may not be generalized to other mandated student populations with different university policies on alcohol and other drugs and policy enforcement practices (see Barnett et al., 2008).
