To explore observed concordance in effects of BMI loci on other cardiometabolic and anthropometric traits, we converted the effect estimates and standard errors (or P values) from meta-analysis to Z-scores oriented with respect to the BMI-increasing allele, for each of the 97 BMI index SNPs in the twenty-three traits. We then classified each Z-score as follows to generate a vector of the Z-score of each trait at each locus: 0 (not significant) if −2 ≤ Z ≤ 2; 1 (significant positive) if Z > 2; −1 (significant negative) if Z < −2.
