just a power issue; even fMRI studies with adequate SG balance fail to study SG differences (see Table 1). This emphasizes the urgent need to include sex as a biological variable (SABV) in the neuroimaging of AUD. Indeed, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) required the inclusion of women in clinical research in 1993 (Clayton & Collins, 2014), with recent requirements to account for SABV in research strategy and analyses in all grant applications (National Institutes of Health, 2019). This is a fundamental step in the advancement of our knowledge on SG-based differences in the underpinnings of addiction, including improving the rigor and reproducibility of our findings to ultimately guide clinical practice and effective treatment for both sexes (Peltier et al., 2019).
