Offspring were included in the current analyses if they had ever consumed a full drink (~ 12 gm of ethanol), in which case they were asked at the “clinic” to fill out a questionnaire regarding the number of drinks needed for effects from the first, up to the approximate first five times alcohol was consumed. The LR score was generated as a manifest variable through summing the number of standard (~12 gm of ethanol) drinks required across four potential effects, and dividing that figure by the number of effects endorsed. These included the number of drinks required early in the drinking career to produce: feelings of any effect, dizziness or slurred speech, a stumbling gait, and falling asleep unintentionally [6, 34, 35]. On the Self Report of the Effects of Ethanol (SRE) questionnaire, a higher number of drinks required across effects represents a lower response per drink; the equivalent of a low LR on alcohol challenges [8, 9, 34–36]. The SRE has a Cronbach alpha >.90; retest reliabilities >.80; SRE-based LR scores correlate well with alcohol challenges evaluating alcohol-related changes
