et al., 2008). Empiric risk estimates derived from population-based family studies are also included as risk assessment tools for AD. However, risk estimates from a population sample may not be applicable for a specific individual due to differences in genetic and environmental backgrounds. Furthermore, empiric risk may not be available for families with multiple psychiatric phenotypes or across all family relationships (Austin and Peay, 2006). Genetic information specific to the individual may therefore provide more accurate recurrence risk assessments than empiric risk estimates.
