the age of 15, 3) individuals from discordant twin pairs who reported early onset alcohol use, and 4) individuals from discordant twin pairs who did not drink before age 15. Prevalence of clinical covariates across these groups was also examined, and logistic regression was used to test whether the association between EAU and self-harm was significant after controlling for these covariates. Gender was also included as a covariate in this model.