the social problems, attention problems, and aggressive behavior scales of the measure. When examined individually, 90.1% of alcohol-exposed children in the sample had profiles with problem scores in the clinical range, whereas only 27% of controls had any clinically elevated scores. In this study, internalizing problem behaviors were also elevated in comparison to the control group, but the differences were not as large when compared with externalizing behavior domains. However, prenatal alcohol exposure has been associated with negative affect and increased risk for major depressive disorder in childhood (Fryer, McGee, et al., 2007; O'Connor, 2001; O'Connor & Paley, 2006; O'Connor et al., 2002). Thus, further examination of the association between FASD and internalizing behaviors is necessary to conclude whether one domain is relatively more affected than another.
