UK-GWA study Phase 2: An additional 2,484 cases (1,690 male, 794 female; mean age at diagnosis 72 years, SD 7) were ascertained through GELCAPS. Blood samples were obtained from 3,036 healthy individuals (1,497 male, 1,539 female; mean age 61 years, SD 11) recruited to the National Cancer Research Network genetic epidemiological studies, the National Study of Colorectal Cancer (NSCCG; 1999–2006; n = 541), GELCAPS (1999–2004; n = 1,520); and the Royal Marsden Hospital Trust/Institute of Cancer Research Family History and DNA Registry (1999–2004; n = 975). These controls were the spouses or unrelated friends of patients with malignancies. None had a personal history of malignancy at time of ascertainment. All were British residents and self reported to be of European Ancestry.
