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Chunk #27 — 3. RESULTS — 3.1. Opioid Use and Related Behaviors by Subgroup — 3.1.5. Early-onset, highly comorbid, heavy opioid users (Group 5)

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Improved methods to identify stable, highly heritable subtypes of opioid use and related behaviors.
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The 1,353 subjects in this group (25.1% of the total sample) were the heaviest substance users, and were significantly affected by their opioid use: 75.1% reported arrests or trouble with police due to opioid use, significantly higher than all other groups. Subjects reported both the earliest onset of opioid use [mean age (SD)=18.9 (4.2)] and the heaviest use [mean (SD)=25.4 (7.0)]. They also had the highest prevalence of other substance dependence except CD and alcohol dependence and psychiatric disorders except panic disorder.