The United States Public Health Service (PHS) clinical practice guideline, Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence3, was comprehensively updated in 2008 and provides evidence-based guidance for clinicians and health systems treating patients who use tobacco. In general, the recommendations made in the present article are consistent with the PHS Guideline recommendations and with other corroborating analyses (e.g. 33,48). However, new data have led to some changes; e.g., that smokers unwilling to make a quit attempt be encouraged to use NRT medication to motivate and prepare them for a quit attempt (see Table 1), and a greater emphasis on treatment adherence.
