The demographic characteristics of the sample are virtually equivalent to the U.S. census data for these tribes and have been presented previously [65,87]. The mean age of the sample was 30.2 (± 0.7) yrs, there were 110 males and 141 females with a mean of 11.5(0.1) yrs of education, 60% of the sample was over 50% Native American heritage as estimated by their federal Indian blood quantum and 55% reported income of less than $20,000 per annum. Within the sample of 251 participants 160 (64%) were found to have a lifetime DSM-III-R diagnosis of alcohol dependence and an additional 47(18.7%) were found to have alcohol abuse. One hundred seventy-three (69%) were current drinkers who reported a mean of 13 years of alcohol use. The mean number of drinking occasions reported per month was 10 and their mean drinks per occasion were nine.
