Chunk #11 — RESULTS — Alcohol Effects on Neural Stem Cell Differentiation and Cellular DNA methylation — Functional profile of Hyper- and Hypomethylated genes altered by Alcohol
The 78 genes that were prevented or reversed from hypermethylation by alcohol from moderate methylation category (Supplement Table 1) are involved in multiple key functions. The most noticeable group of genes are related to neuronal receptors, including glutamate transmitter receptors AMPA3 (Gria3) and glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 (Grip1), cholinergic receptor muscarinic 1 (Chrm1), Adrenergic receptor a1 (Adra1a), and water channels proteins Aqp8 and Aqp9. Other genes include neural development (Dlx3, Clcf1), Cell Cycle (Adra1a, Tnf, Pik3r1, Sh3bp2), path finding of retinal ganglion cells and extension of axons (Pou4f2, Pou4f3), synaptic transmission (Chrm1, Gria3, Tnf, Kcna1, Ptprc), and stem cell (Edg6, Pik3r1, Wnt16). An alcohol metabolism enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (Adh4), was also affected by alcohol. Of the 19 genes in moderate methylation category prevented from hypomethylation by alcohol, many were noticeably associated with a group of sensory genes, including the olfactory receptor (Olr214, Olr304, Olr408, Olr611, Olr1646, Olr1139), and the taste receptor genes (Tas2r123, Tas2r7, T2r140, T2r18) (Supplement Table 2).
