level of education for women.60 Moreover, racial differences in income understate the magnitude of racial disparities in economic status. There are large racial differences in wealth with African Americans having 9 cents and Hispanics 12 cents for every dollar of wealth that whites have.61 These racial differences in wealth persist at every level of income. Among persons with income in the bottom 20% of all US households, for every dollar of wealth that whites have, blacks have one penny and Latinos have two. Among the highest earning fifth of US households, blacks have 31 cents and Hispanics have 35 cents for every dollar of white wealth.
