Graph theory was introduced to developmental studies of functional networks in a series of reports by Fair et al., beginning in 2007 (Fair et al., 2007a). Here, 39 published task control ROIs (Dosenbach et al., 2006) that were defined in young adults were examined in a developmental cohort. A previous study had examined these ROIs as a graph in adults and reported that, at many thresholds, the graph existed as two disconnected components (Dosenbach et al., 2007) (components in graph theory are disconnected pieces of the graph, not ICA or PCA components), meaning that nodes within one component had no correlations over a particular threshold to nodes in the other component. These components were termed the cingulo-opercular (CO) and fronto-parietal (FP) task control networks, based on the locations of their constituent ROIs. Each component tended to have different functional properties in fMRI studies, such that ROIs in the CO network tended to display sustained activity during tasks, while ROIs in the FP network tended to activate more transiently, linking the functional properties of ROIs to their properties as nodes within
