Shape measurements provide additional insights regarding brain changes associated with prenatal alcohol exposure, either in addition to or in the absence of volume differences. For example, early reports described corpus callosum malformation. The corpus callosum is a band of white matter that connects the two hemispheres. Some individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure were reported to have complete or partial agenesis [18-21] or displacement [22-25]. The shape deviations also included callosal extension and compression as well as relative thickening and thinning; malformation in either direction was related to deficits in executive functioning or motor control [25].
