As discussed in an earlier section, anatomical and functional evidence indicates that dorsal ACC in humans contains the CMAs which project directly to primary motor cortex and the spinal cord, providing a direct way for the ACC to direct choices. The ACC activation in the GENERATE+MONITOR condition was approximately in the region of the rostral CMA as defined by Pickard and Strick (2001). By contrast, no such motor pathways exist from the OFC. However, outside of motor systems, it is almost impossible to impute explicit structure-function relationships based merely on cellular and dendritic organisation, meaning that an association between the activation patterns in ACC and OFC seen in Walton et al.'s (2004) fMRI study and the anatomical connections of these regions could only before be speculated upon based on studies in macaque monkeys.
