In another study, the MAOA low-activity allele was associated with alcoholism, and particularly with antisocial alcoholism, but only among women experiencing childhood sexual abuse (Ducci et al. 2008). In yet another small study of female adolescents, the long variant increased risk for alcohol-related problems in the presence of an unfavorable environment (as defined by poor family relations or maltreatment/abuse). However, this effect was opposite that reported in the other studies (Nilsson et al. 2008). Accordingly, the association between this genotype and alcohol-related outcomes remains equivocal.
