The impact of gene-environment interaction on alcohol use disorders.
- Authors
- Dick, Danielle M; Kendler, Kenneth S
- Year
- 2012
- Journal
- Alcohol research : current reviews
- PMID
- 23134047
- DOI
- 10.35946/arcr.v34.3.06
- PMCID
- PMC3606909
This article describes three types of gene-environment interactions and the challenges inherent in interpreting these interactions. It also reports on what is known about gene-environment interactions in the field of alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Twin studies of the interaction of genetic and environmental influences on AUDs have resulted in relatively consistent findings and have suggested general mechanisms for interaction effects. These studies generally find that environments that exert more social control (e.g., higher parental monitoring, less migratory neighborhoods, etc.) tend to reduce genetic influences, whereas other environments allow greater opportunity to express genetic predispositions, such as those characterized by more deviant peers and greater alcohol availability. Conversely, the gene-environment literature that has been developed surrounding specific genes has focused largely on the role of stress as a moderator of genetic effects.
No figures extracted from this document.
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 5-HTTLPR | variant |
| adolescent alcohol use | phenotype |
| adolescents | cohort |
| adolescent substance use | phenotype |
| adult alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| aggression | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol availability | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| alcoholism | phenotype |
| alcohol-preferring rats | cohort |
| Alcohol Problems | phenotype |
| alcohol-related problems | phenotype |
| Alcohol seeking | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder risk local | phenotype |
| alcohol use disorders | phenotype |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase local | drug |
| ALDH2 | gene |
| ANKK1 | gene |
| antisocial alcoholism | phenotype |
| AUD | phenotype |
| Beliefs about alcohol local | phenotype |
| binge drinking | phenotype |
| candidate genes | cohort |
| CHRM2 | gene |
| Collaborative Studies on Genetics of Alcoholism project local | cohort |
| college students | cohort |
| CRHR1 | gene |
| Current life events local | phenotype |
| depression | phenotype |
| deviant peers | phenotype |
| dopamine | drug |
| DRD2 | gene |
| DRD2 Taq1A polymorphism local | variant |
| drinking | phenotype |
| Drinking per occasion local | phenotype |
| drug dependence | phenotype |
| early-adolescent behavior problems local | phenotype |
| early alcohol use | phenotype |
| Early psychosocial stress local | phenotype |
| environment | drug |
| externalizing behavior | phenotype |
| facial flushing | phenotype |
| female subjects | cohort |
| Finnish twin data local | cohort |
| frequency of alcohol use | phenotype |
| GABRA2 | gene |
| genes | gene |
| genetic variants | cohort |
| hazardous drinking | phenotype |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| heterozygous long/short genotype local | variant |
| high-risk behavior local | phenotype |
| intoxication frequency | phenotype |
| l allele | variant |
| late-adolescent alcohol use local | phenotype |
| maltreated children | cohort |
| Mannheim Study of Children at Risk | cohort |
| MAOA | gene |
| MAOA long variant local | variant |
| MAOA low-activity allele | variant |
| MAOA promoter polymorphism local | variant |
| marijuana | phenotype |
| marital status | phenotype |
| migration | phenotype |
| monkeys | cohort |
| Multiple negative life events local | phenotype |
| norepinephrine | drug |
| novelty seeking | phenotype |
| older adolescent presence local | phenotype |
| parental monitoring | phenotype |
| peer substance use | phenotype |
| phenotype | phenotype |
| physical abuse | phenotype |
| Progression to heavy alcohol use local | phenotype |
| religiosity | phenotype |
| School attitudes local | phenotype |
| self-esteem | phenotype |
| serotonin | drug |
| sex | phenotype |
| sexual behavior | phenotype |
| SLC6A4 | gene |
| stress | phenotype |
| Stressful environment local | phenotype |
| substance use | phenotype |
| Swedish adolescents local | cohort |
| Twin cohort | cohort |
| Unfavorable environment local | phenotype |
| unmarried women | phenotype |
| urban environment | phenotype |
| women | cohort |
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