that experimental manipulation of the environment may be more likely to yield replicable interaction effects than observational designs, as previously has been argued from a statistical perspective (McClelland and Judd 1993). Interaction effects associated with experimental manipulations of the environment also may be more robust because interventions often operate across a variety of environmental domains (e.g., by influencing parenting processes, peer interactions, and equipping individuals with personal tools that are applicable across a variety of settings). Thus, any interaction effects that are detected may be more likely to be replicated for reasons similar to why twin studies, which examine aggregate genetic effects, are more likely to be replicated (discussed further below).
