There are some clues regarding the specific role of interactions during these different network states in memory processes. The most well-studied are theta interactions, but critical questions regarding their role still remain. Although theta coherence is seen specifically during periods of memory-guided decision making and is elevated during correct memory performance [26,27,41], whether representations in the two regions are coherent and depict similar task selective activity during periods of high theta coherence is still not clear. If periods of phase coherence are indeed markers of behaviorally relevant coupling, we would expect that hippocampal and prefrontal representation will also be coherent, in analogous fashion to gamma synchronization in cortical areas [14]. Hippocampal place cell sequences within individual theta oscillations (termed “theta sequences”) represent ongoing behavioral experiences, including future goal representation and deliberation during periods of vicarious trial and error [63–66], but whether ongoing PFC activity is aligned with these sequences during periods of high theta coherence is yet to be explored. Since theta coherence emerges after behavioral learning [27], rhythmic and representational coherence could underlie information exchange related to current location
