Summary statistics from the gSEM were used as input into LD score regression (LDSC) with reference to the 1000 Genomes EUR panel to estimate genetic correlations between OA and 38 other complex phenotypes. These phenotypes were categorized into the following groups: drug and alcohol use, cigarette smoking, psychiatric, personality, neurological, cognitive/education, and brain volume. The full list of phenotypes and GWAS datasets, as obtained from LD Hub or shared by the original investigators, are provided in the Supplementary Table 25.