Neural oscillations actively participate in mental activities by modulating local neuronal excitability and mediating long-range neural communication (Buzsáki and Draguhn, 2004; Buzsáki et al., 2013). Aberrant resting-state (intrinsic) neural oscillations (e.g., thalamocortical dysrhythmia) in neuropsychiatric disorders has been increasingly recognized (Llinás et al., 1999; Schulman et al., 2011; Vanneste et al., 2018), promoting the transdiagnostic conceptualization of “oscillopathies” for these disorders (Basar, 2013; Buzsáki et al., 2013). Advancements in neural computational algorithms (such as eLORETA) have permitted intracranial source estimation of neural oscillations in hdEEG recordings, providing important insights into oscillatory dysrhythmia in multiple disorders, e.g., schizophrenia (Canuet et al., 2011; Di Lorenzo et al., 2015), depression (Whitton et al., 2018), and PTSD (Imperatori et al., 2014). As validation of our hdEEG source analysis, we confirmed a strong “α blocking” effect of visual stimulation by demonstrating extensive α power reduction in bilateral visual cortices from the S-RS (minimal visual input) to the M-RS (strong visual input). By contrast, no other regions emerged from this contrast, highlighting the sensitivity and specificity of this source analysis of α oscillations.
