Also, the GxExE effects examined do not reflect the full complexity of either genetic or social mechanisms in alcohol dependence, and not all theories of addiction have been addressed here. Only one candidate gene out of dozens that have been implicated in genetic predisposition to alcohol dependence was tested, and GABRA2 may be subject to regulation by other genes not examined in this analysis (Enoch et al. 2010; Young-Wolff et al. 2011). Likewise, variables tapping into positive and negative life events do not capture stress and social experiences in adequate depth or breadth. For example, the uplifts scale does not distinguish absence of pleasure from lack of experience in a given role, potentially conflating low social embeddedness and unpleasurable participation (e.g., being unemployed may have different consequences for alcohol use than being employed but dissatisfied with your job). Additionally, uplifts and hassles were reported for the past week, improving accuracy of recall but introducing uncertainty about the degree to which the past week was typical of respondents’ experiences. For these reasons, the GxExE effect reported may be difficult to replicate
