concentration (400 nM) of GABA (Mihic and Harris, 1996). Two amino acids in the GABA-A receptor transmembrane domains 2 (Ser270) and 3 (Ala291) are critical for allosteric modulation of the receptors by alcohols and volatile anesthetics (Mihic et al., 1997). Heteromeric complexes of ρ and α1 subunits were found in mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells, where ρ subunits contribute to functional ionotropic receptors mediating a component of phasic inhibitory GABAergic transmission (Harvey et al., 2006).