The final hallmark set consists of genes that, at the same time, represent multiple gene sets and also display coherent, discriminating behavior across a number of test datasets. Every hallmark was validated on at least one additional independent dataset. The validation consisted of computing the ssGSEA scores for the hallmark in the independent datasets and confirming that the nominal p-value of the IC score of the hallmark vs. target phenotype was less than 0.05.
