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Chunk #0 — METHODS — GWAS meta-analysis

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Parent-of-origin-specific allelic associations among 106 genomic loci for age at menarche.
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We performed an expanded GWAS meta-analysis for self-reported age at menarche in up to 182,416 women of European descent from 58 studies (Supplementary Table 1). All participants provided written informed consent and the studies were approved by the respective Local Research Ethics committees or Institutional Review Boards. Consistent with our previous analysis protocol4, women who reported their age at menarche as < 9 years or > 17 years were excluded from the analysis; birth year was included as the only covariate to allow for the secular trends in menarche timing. Genome-wide SNP array data were available on up to 132,989 women from 57 studies. Each study imputed genotype data based on HapMap Phase II CEU build 35 or 36. Data on an additional 49,427 women from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) were generated on the Illumina iSelect "iCOGS" array31. This array included up to ~25,000 SNPs, or their proxy markers, that showed sub-genome-wide associations (P<0.0022) with age at menarche in our earlier GWAS4. SNPs were excluded from individual study datasets if they were poorly imputed or were rare (MAF