Snap-frozen livers were used for RNA preparation with either the QIAsymphony RNA Kit on the QIAsymphony SP system (QIAGEN) or homogenization in TRIzol Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Wells of cells were washed with ice-cold PBS and lysed directly in TRIzol Reagent. RNA isolation according to the manufacturers’ instructions was followed by reverse transcription to cDNA using the First-Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (GE Healthcare), the High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific), or SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis SuperMix (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with an equimolar mixture of random hexamers and oligo-dT. Gene expression was measured using the following TaqMan Gene Expression Assays along with TaqMan Gene Expression Master Mix (Thermo Fisher Scientific): Mm00624282_m1 for Acaa2, Hs00537765_m1 for CPNE1, Hs00211070_m1 for ERGIC3, Mm00467970_m1 for Cpne1, and Mm00499400_m1 for Ergic3, Hs00290630_m1 for DOCK7, Hs00205581_m1 for ANGPTL3, and Hs00176619_m1 for FRK. Human B2M (Assay ID 4326319E), human ACTB (Assay ID 4310881E), or mouse Actb (Assay ID 4352341E) was used as the reference gene as appropriate. For Vkorc1, the primers F: 5′-GCCCTCTCACTGTACGCACT-3′ and R: 5′-CCCACCGAGAGGAGAAGAC-3′ were used with SYBR Green (Thermo Fisher Scientific). For
