In line with a “fructose effect”, Rogers et al. used an intravenously administered alcohol clamp and found that a high-carb meal, but not an equicaloric high-fat or high-protein meal, increased AER (190). However, Ramchandani et al., also using an intravenous alcohol clamp, reported that eating isocaloric meals high in carbohydrates, fats, or proteins was equally effective at increasing AER, with all meals increasing AER by 45%, compared to a 12-hour fast (2). The discrepancy between the findings of Rogers et al. and Ramchandani et al. remains unclear but may be related to methodological differences, such as variance in fructose content in the carbohydrate portions of the different meals (i.e., a potential threshold for the fructose effect?).
