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Chunk #0 — 1. ALCOHOLISM AND GENETICS

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Ethanol-Associated Changes in Glutamate Reward Neurocircuitry: A Minireview of Clinical and Preclinical Genetic Findings.
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Over half of adult Americans have a family history of alcoholism or alcohol (ethanol) abuse and one in four Americans have had an alcohol use disorder (AUD) during their lifetime, costing the US economy an estimated $225 billion per year (Research Society on Alcoholism).1,2 AUDs continue to be ranked as the third leading cause of preventable death by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.3 Moreover, research supports a causal relationship between AUDs and at least 50 different medical conditions.4–6