Second, in an independent sample from the Penn Medicine BioBank, AUDIT-C and AUD PRS were significantly associated with alcohol-related disorders and alcoholism phecodes (see Methods and Supplementary Data 44 and 45). In EAs, higher AUDIT-C risk scores significantly increased the likelihood of alcohol-related disorders and alcoholism at multiple p value thresholds, with the most significant being 1 × 10−7 (β = 0.278, p = 0.0013) and 1 × 10−6 (β = 0.245, p = 0.0074), respectively. In AAs, at a p value threshold of 1 × 10−7, AUDIT-C risk scores were non-significantly associated with risk of alcohol-related disorders (β = 0.210, p = 0.064) but significantly associated with alcoholism (β = 0.400, p = 0.0051). In both populations, AUD risk scores were significantly associated with both alcohol-related disorders and alcoholism. In EAs, the most significant p value threshold was 1 × 10−4 (alcohol-related disorders: β = 0.254, p = 0.0006; alcoholism: β = 0.229, p = 0.0062), while in AAs, the most significant p value threshold was 1 × 10−6 (alcohol-related disorders: β = 0.306, p = 0.006; alcoholism: β = 0.440, p = 0.0007).
