Cerebral amyloid angiopathy often induces lobar hemorrhage and cortical microhemorrhage, which mainly affects the occipital lobe (Charidimou et al., 2012). In addition, imaging technology advances, including 7 T MRI, have identified numerous cortical microinfarcts (CMI), which have been attributed to CAA (Suter et al., 2002; van Veluw et al., 2013; Westover et al., 2013). Cognitive impairment in AD patients may result from hypoperfusion/ischemia and CMIs, as well as synaptic disturbance and neuronal loss caused by Aβ and tau accumulation (Okamoto et al., 2009; Launer et al., 2011; Smith et al., 2012). Small vessel injury is frequent in both AD and VaD. CAA was previously thought to be pathologically different from Binswanger disease, one of the common forms of VaD characterized by arteriolosclerosis and white matter change. However, Binswanger disease and CAA are now often regarded as part of the same spectrum disease; the former labeled type 1 and the latter type 2 small vessel disease (Pantoni, 2010). Both types of arteriopathies make dementia patients vulnerable to hemodynamic fluctuation through impairments in cerebral autoregulation and vascular reactivity (Tanoi et al., 2000;
