In SAAF–T, caregivers were taught consistent use of monitoring and control, reciprocal communication, establishment of clear norms and expectations about adolescent substance use, and cooperative caregiver-adolescent problem solving. Adolescents were taught the importance of having and following household rules, strategies to use when encountering racism, the importance of academic success, goal formation, and strategies for attaining educational and occupational goals. An intent-to-treat approach was used in which all families were included in the data analysis regardless of the number of program sessions they attended. This preserved the random nature of the group assignments. Both SAAF–T and FF families attended an average of four of the five program sessions.
