We stratified benzodiazepines by mechanism and observed similarly elevated odds of drug-related poisoning for short-acting (OR=1.86 [1.75–1.97], Model 6) and long-acting benzodiazepine treatment days (OR=1.68 [1.54–1.83], Model 6). When we stratified benzodiazepines by low and high doses, we found a 78% (1.67–1.88, Model 6) and 122% (2.03–2.43, Model 7) increase in odds of a poisoning event respectively. To assess if this dose-response relationship remained significant across all sedative/hypnotic drugs, we grouped benzodiazepines and Z drugs together and stratified them into low-dose and high-dose strata, observing a similar pattern of increased poisoning odds associated with dose (OR=1.86 [1.77–1.79] for low-dose; OR=2.53 [2.35–2.73] for high-dose, Model 8). In contrast to benzodiazepines, we found similar protective effects of buprenorphine irrespective of daily dose threshold (OR=0.62 for low dose, OR=0.63 for high dose buprenorphine, Model 9).
