In this sample, drinking throughout all trimesters increases the odds of having a child with an FASD diagnosis by 65 times over that of non-drinking mothers, while first trimester drinking alone increases the odds 12 times. But intervention after 1st trimester drinking is promising. When a mother ceases drinking after the first trimester it appears to decrease the odds of an FASD child by 5 times. This finding reinforces studies of intervention where case management and other techniques have been proven effective in preventing FASD when introduced early or at least in the second trimester (Grant et al., 2013; May et al., 2008b, in press).
