Characteristics of the study population have been reported previously [43–49] and are noted in Table 1. Five hundred and thirty-two eligible cases and 1,701 controls completed in-person interviews. Alcohol consumption was associated with pancreatic cancer among men but not women, with increased risk ranging from 1.5- to 6-fold based on the dose, duration, and pattern of alcohol consumption reported (Tables 2, 3). Results from more detailed analyses pertaining to heavy drinking are limited to men (Tables 2, 3, 4, 5).Table 1Demographic characteristics of pancreatic cancer and control participants in a population-based case–control study in the San Francisco Bay Area, California 1995–1999CharacteristicsCases (n = 532)Controls (n = 1,701) n % n %Age†, years <5046916410 50–591202343826 60–691723247328 70–791583049829 80–853671288Sex Men2915588352 Women2414581848Race White442831,47186 Black or African American469785 Asian or Pacific Islander3571197 American Indian or Alaskan Native or Other92332Hispanic ethnicity Yes2551147 No507951,58593Body mass index (WHO), kg/m2 <25.02805399358 25.0–29.91973755233 ≥3052101479Smoking Never1633165238Cigarette Former, quit > 15 years ago1332550830 Former, quit 1–15 years ago891726015 Current1312520812 Pipe/cigar163734Education <High school711316210 High school1643137222 Some college2003875444 Graduate school971841324History of diabetes mellitus No455861,53890 Yes761416110Percentages may not add to 100% due to rounding
