To check the robustness of the findings, we conducted a series of post hoc analyses using parental history of AUD as another method of capturing genetic risk, recognizing that parental history reflects both genetic and environmental components. Parental history of AUD was based on parent self-report when available. For those parents who were not interviewed, parental history of AUD was determined using family history reports as described in McCutcheon et al.32 We examined whether parental history of AUD and parental separation and discord were associated with the longitudinal course of HED, separately in the EA and AA samples (Tables S3, S4, available online).
