In this paper, we review recent findings from studies of genetic association and GxE related to depression and outline areas for future research. Several excellent reviews of this literature aimed at the genetic research community have already been published (see for example 28,29-33). We aimed to provide a review for a broad audience of readers who may be unfamiliar with genetic concepts and methods. We organized this review into three major sections. In the first section, we describe recent findings based on GWAS of depression. We begin with GWAS, rather than older methods (i.e., linkage and candidate gene association studies), as the latter have already been extensively covered by prior reviews. We also do not review studies on genetic markers of antidepressant treatment response, or pharmacogenomics,34 as our focus was on the genetic determinants of illness risk. In the second section, we review findings from GxE studies, which aim to simultaneously examine the role of genetic variants and environmental exposures in the etiology of depression. As described below, GxE studies have the potential to help identify genetic variants associated with
