(p = .13) was significantly associated with youth use of any substance. However, there was a significant positive association (p = .03) when schooling was modeled as linear across three levels of school-related contact with peers: not completing any schooling (3.1% used substances); in school, online only (3.8% used); in school, partially or fully in-person (4.7% used). No association varied significantly by youth sex or age.
