Chunk #76 — Potential for Translational Applications of Electrophysiological Measures of Brain Function — Electrophysiological Measures As Endophenotypes for Alcoholism
for alcohol dependence, drug dependence, and affective disorder. Significant linkage and association with CHRM2 also was found with high theta (6 to 7 Hz) interhemispheric coherence. This high theta interhemispheric coherence also was linked and associated with GABRA2. Both GABAergic and cholinergic systems are important in local inhibitory circuits essential for cortical synchronization in the theta band (Porjesz and Rangaswamy 2007). M2 receptors are concentrated in the forebrain and have an inhibitory role in the generation of theta and delta EROs via inhibition of presynaptic release of acetylcholine (Frodl-Bauch et al. 1999). P3 production requires both inhibition of irrelevant networks and activation of relevant ones, and it is likely that CHRM2 affects the inhibition of irrelevant networks during P3 tasks. In Alzheimer’s disease, where there is degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis, abnormal theta delta and P3 have been reported. Results from the COGA study showed that delta EROs and CHRM2 affect the onset of regular alcohol use and alcohol dependence during adolescence and young adulthood (Chorlian et al. 2013). Hill and colleagues (2013) used group-based trajectory modeling of auditory P3 data collected longitudinally from offspring in families with and without familial risk for AUD and found that
